Agglomeration Economies Ap Human Geography Definition

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Economic- AP Human Geography Flashcards

6155461799	Brandt Line	Line that defines the North-South divide		0
6155472626	Agglomeration	Grouping together of many firms of the same industry in order to share resources.		1
6155461802	comparative advantage	The ability of a country to produce a good at a lower cost than another country can.		2
6155461803	core-periphery concept	the majority of that growth is enjoyed by a 'core' region of wealthy countries despite being severely outnumbered in population by those in a 'periphery' that are ignored.		3
6155461804	dependency theory	a model of economic and social development that explains global inequality in terms of the historical exploitation of poor nations by rich ones		4
6155461805	developing country	A country that has low industrial production and little modern technology		5
6155461806	economic indicators	Use various types of data to measure economic development (GNI, GDP, Vehicle Ownership, Smartphone Ownership, Internet connectedness, Ect)		6
6155461807	economic development	The improvement of living standards by economic growth.		7
6155461808	GDI	graphics device interface		8
6155461809	GEMs	Mapping between ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes is called		9
6155461810	gross national product	The total value of goods and services, including income received from abroad, produced by the residents of a country within a specific time period, usually one year.		10
6155461811	HDI	Human Development Index		11
6155461812	import substitution	a government policy that uses trade restrictions and subsidies to encourage domestic production of manufactured goods		12
6155461813	informal sector	the portion of an economy largely outside government control in which employees work without contracts or benefits		13
6155461814	international division of labor	The process where the assembing procedures for a product are spread out through different parts of the world		14
6155461815	LDC	Least Developed Country, exhibits the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development, with the lowest Human Development Index ratings of all countries in the world.		15
6155461816	literacy rate	percentage of people who can read and write.		16
6155461817	MDC	Most Developed Country: sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations		17
6155461818	neocolonialism	Also called economic imperialism, this is the domination of newly independent countries by foreign business interests that causes colonial-style colonies to continue, such a monoculture.		18
6155461819	primary sector	The portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth's surface, generally through agriculture, although sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry.		19
6155461820	productivity	The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it.		20
6155461821	quaternary sector	Service sector industries concerned with the collection, processing, and manipulation of information and capital. Examples include finance, administration, insurance, and legal services.		21
6155461822	Rostow's "Modernization model"	Model created by W.W. Rostow in the 1950's that gives an idea of where a country is in their stage of development. There are five stages in this model, including: 1. "The traditional society," 2. "The preconditions for takeoff," 3. "The takeoff," 4. "The drive to maturity," 5. "The age of mass consumption"		22
6155461823	secondary sector	The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials.		23
6155461824	semi-periphery	Places where core and periphery processes are both occurring; places that are exploited by the core but in turn exploit the periphery.		24
6155461825	subsistence economy	an economic system of relatively simple technology in which people produce most or all of the goods to satisfy their own and their family's needs; little or no exchange occurs outside or the immediate or extended family		25
6155461826	sustainable development	Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.		26
6155461827	tertiary sector	The portion of the economy concerned with transportation, communications, and utilities, sometimes extended to the provision of all goods and services to people in exchange for payment.		27
6155461828	transnational corporation	A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located.		28
6155461829	trickle-down effects	An economic theory which states that investing money in companies and giving them tax breaks is the best way to stimulate the economy.		29
6155461830	uneven development	The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy.		30
6155461831	value added	the gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy.		31
6155461832	World Bank	A specialized agency of the United Nations that makes loans to countries for economic development, trade promotion, and debt consolidation. Its formal name is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.		32
6155461833	World Systems Theory	Theory developed by Immanuel Wallerstein that explains the emergence of a core, periphery, and semi periphery in terms of economic and political connections first established at the beginning of exploration in the late 15th century and maintained through increased economic access up until the present.		33

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Agglomeration Economies Ap Human Geography Definition

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